Hari ubwoko butatu bw'aho amashanyarazi ahurira kuri disiki zo kubika za santimetero 2.5/3.5: PCIe, SAS na SATA, “Mu bihe byashize, iterambere ry’imikoranire y’amakuru ryaterwaga n’ibigo cyangwa amashyirahamwe ya IEEE cyangwa OIF-CEI, kandi mu by’ukuri uyu munsi ryarahindutse cyane. Abakora amashami makuru nka Amazon, Apple, Facebook, Google, na Microsoft barimo kuyobora ikoranabuhanga, atari ngombwa ko bategereza ko amahame arangira, ahubwo ko umukoresha aba ari we ugena byose. Ku bijyanye n’imikorere y’isoko rya SSD, SSD na SATA SSD mu gihe kizaza, dusangiye iteganyagihe ryakozwe na Gartner kugira ngo buri wese arebe uko byagenda kandi ashobore kuvugana.
Ku bijyanye na PCIe
Nta gushidikanya ko PCIe ari yo ikoreshwa cyane mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu, kandi yavuguruwe kenshi mu myaka ya vuba aha: PCIe 3.0 iracyakunzwe cyane, PCIe 4.0 iri kuzamuka cyane, PCIe 5.0 igiye kugufasha, ibisobanuro bya PCIe 6.0 byuzuye verisiyo 0.5, kandi bihawe abanyamuryango b'umuryango, bizasohoka umwaka utaha ku gihe cyagenwe verisiyo ya nyuma yemewe.
Buri verisiyo y'ibisobanuro bya PCIe inyura mu byiciro bitanu bitandukanye:
Verisiyo 0.3: Igitekerezo cy'ibanze kigaragaza ibintu by'ingenzi n'imiterere y'ibisobanuro bishya.
Verisiyo 0.5: Inyandiko y'ibanze igaragaza ibice byose by'imiterere mishya, ikubiyemo ibitekerezo by'abanyamuryango b'ikigo bishingiye kuri verisiyo 0.3, kandi ikubiyemo ibintu bishya byasabwe n'abanyamuryango hamwe n'ibintu bishya.
Verisiyo 0.7: Impapuro zuzuye, ibice byose by’ibisobanuro bishya byagenwe neza, kandi ibipimo by’amashanyarazi bigomba no kwemezwa na chip yo gupima. Nta bintu bishya bizongeraho nyuma y’ibyo.
Verisiyo 0.9: Umushinga wa nyuma abanyamuryango b'ikigo bashobora gushushanya no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga n'ibicuruzwa byabo bwite.
Verisiyo ya 1.0: Isohoka rya nyuma ku mugaragaro, isohoka rusange.
Mu by’ukuri, nyuma yo gusohora verisiyo ya 0.5, abakora ibikoresho bashobora gutangira gushushanya utumashini two gupima kugira ngo bitegure imirimo ikurikiraho mbere y’igihe.
PCIe 6.0 ntabwo ari umwihariko. Iyo ijyanye na PCIe 5.0/4.0/3.0/2.0/1.0, igipimo cy'amakuru cyangwa bandwidth ya I/O bizongera kwikuba kabiri kugera kuri 64GT/s, kandi bandwidth nyayo ya PCIe 6.0×1 ni 8GB/s. PCIe 6.0×16 ifite 128GB/s mu cyerekezo kimwe na 256GB/s mu byerekezo byombi.
PCIe 6.0 izakomeza gukoresha 128b/130b yatangijwe mu gihe cya PCIe 3.0, ariko yongeraho uburyo bushya bwo guhindura pulse amplitude PAM4 kugira ngo isimbure PCIe 5.0 NRZ, ishobora gupakira amakuru menshi mu muyoboro umwe mu gihe kimwe, ndetse no gukosora amakosa yo gutinda gusohora (FEC) hamwe n'uburyo bujyanye nabyo bwo kunoza imikorere ya bandwidth.
Ku bijyanye na SAS
SAS, SAS ni ikoranabuhanga rishya rya SCSI, kandi disiki ikomeye ya Serial ATA (SATA) izwi cyane ni imwe, ikoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga rya serial kugira ngo ibone umuvuduko wo kohereza amakuru, no mu kugabanya umurongo wo guhuza kugira ngo inoze umwanya w'imbere. SAS ni ihuriro rishya ryakozwe nyuma ya SCSI. Iyi ihuriro ryagenewe kunoza imikorere, kuboneka, no kwaguka kwa sisitemu yo kubika amakuru, itanga imikoranire na SATA hard drives. SAS interface ntabwo isa na SATA gusa, ahubwo ijyanye n'inyuma n'ibipimo bya SATA. Backpanel ya sisitemu ya SAS ishobora guhuza diski ebyiri za SAS, zikora neza cyane ndetse na SATA zitwara amakuru zihendutse kandi zihendutse. Kubera iyo mpamvu, diski za SAS na SATA drives zishobora kubana muri sisitemu imwe yo kubika amakuru. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko sisitemu za SATA zidakorana na SAS, bityo diski za SAS ntizishobora guhuzwa na SATA backplanes.
Ugereranyije n’iterambere rikomeye ry’imiterere ya PCIe mu myaka ya vuba aha, imiterere ya SAS yagiye itera imbere buhoro buhoro, kandi mu Gushyingo 2019, imiterere ya SAS 4.1 ikoresha 24Gbps interface rate yashyizwe ahagaragara ku mugaragaro, kandi imiterere ya SAS 5.0 yo mu gisekuru gitaha nayo irimo gutegurwa, ibi bikazongera urwego rwa 56Gbps.
Kuri ubu, mu bicuruzwa byinshi bishya, SAS interface SSD SSD ni nke cyane, umuyobozi wa tekiniki w'umukoresha wa interineti yavuze ko abakoresha interineti badakunze gukoresha SAS SSD, ahanini bitewe n'impamvu z'imikorere ihendutse, SAS SSD hagati ya PCIe na SATA SSD, biteye isoni cyane, imikorere ntishobora kugereranywa na PCIe. Ibigo bikuru by'amakuru bihitamo PCIe, igiciro ntigishobora kubona SATA SSD, abakiriya basanzwe bahitamo SATA SSD.
Ku bijyanye na SATA
SATA ni Serial ATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment), izwi kandi nka Serial ATA, ikaba ari uburyo bwo guhuza disiki ikomeye bwatanzwe na Intel, IBM, Dell, APT, Maxtor, na Seagate.
Interineti ya SATA ikoresha insinga 4 mu kohereza amakuru, imiterere yayo ni yoroshye, Tx+, Tx- yerekana umurongo w'amakuru asohoka, bihuye, Rx+, Rx- igaragaza umurongo w'amakuru asohoka, nk'umurongo ukoreshwa cyane ku isoko, verisiyo ikunzwe ubu ni 3.0, inyungu nini ya interface ya SATA 3.0 igomba kuba ikuze, disiki zisanzwe za SSD na HDD zikoresha iyi interface, umurambararo w'amakuru wa 6Gbps, nubwo ugereranije n'umurongo mushya wa 10Gbps na 32Gbps hari icyuho runaka, ariko SSD isanzwe ya santimetero 2.5 ishobora guhaza ibyifuzo bya buri munsi by'abakoresha benshi, umuvuduko wo gusoma no kwandika wa 500MB/s urahagije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-10-2023
