Intangiriro ku miyoboro ya Type-C
Ubwoko bwa USB CYagaragaye nk'umukinnyi ukomeye ku isoko kubera ibyiza byayo byo guhuza kandi ubu iri hafi kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru. Ikoreshwa ryayo mu nzego zitandukanye ntabwo rishobora guhagarika. MacBook ya Apple yatumye abantu bamenya uburyo bworoshye bwo guhuza USB Type-C ndetse inagaragaza uko ibikoresho bizagenda bitera imbere. Mu minsi iri imbere, ibikoresho byinshi bya USB Type-C bizatangizwa. Nta gushidikanya ko uburyo bwa USB Type-C buzakwirakwira buhoro buhoro kandi bugatwara isoko mu myaka mike iri imbere. Byongeye kandi, ku bikoresho bigendanwa nka telefoni na tableti, ifite ibintu byinshi bituma habaho gusharija vuba, kwihuta cyane mu kohereza amakuru, no gushyigikira ko ecran isohoka. Irakwiriye cyane nk'uburyo bwo gusohora amakuru ku bikoresho bigendanwa. Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, hakenewe cyane uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru yose kugira ngo hongerwe uburyo bwo guhuza ibikoresho bitandukanye. Ibi bintu bishobora gutuma ubwoko bwa Type-C buhinduka uburyo bwo guhuza amakuru mu gihe kizaza, atari mu buryo ubona gusa!
Iyo ikozwe hakurikijwe amahame ngenderwaho y’Ishyirahamwe rya USB, umuhuza wa USB Type-C ugomba kuba ugezweho, woroshye, kandi muto, ukwiriye ibikoresho bigendanwa. Muri icyo gihe, ugomba kuba wujuje ibisabwa bikomeye by’umuhuza kandi ukaba ukwiriye gukoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye. Umuhuza wa USB Type-C utanga uburyo bwo guhindura plug; soketi ishobora gushyirwamo uhereye mu cyerekezo icyo ari cyo cyose, bigatuma habaho guhuza byoroshye kandi byizewe. Uyu muhuza ugomba kandi gushyigikira protocole zitandukanye kandi ushobora kuba uhuza na HDMI, VGA, DisplayPort, n'izindi connection types uhereye kuri USB port imwe ya C unyuze kuri adaptateri. Kugira ngo hakorwe imikorere mu bijyanye no kubangamira amashanyarazi (EMI) n'ahandi hantu hagoye, hakenewe ibindi byo kwitaho mu miterere. Ni byiza ko abakora bahitamo abatanga connectors bafite icyemezo cya TID kugira ngo birinde ibibazo mu mikoreshereze ya terminal!
ItsindaUSB Type-C 3.1Interineti ifite ibyiza bitandatu by'ingenzi:
1) Imikorere yuzuye: Ishyigikira amakuru, amajwi, amashusho, no gusharija icyarimwe, ishyiraho urufatiro rw'amakuru yihuta cyane, amajwi yo kuri interineti, amashusho yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, gusharija byihuse, no gusangira ibikoresho byinshi. Insinga imwe ishobora gusimbura insinga nyinshi zakoreshejwe mbere.
2) Gushyiramo ibintu bishobora gusubira inyuma: Kimwe na Apple Lightning interface, imbere n'inyuma bya port ni bimwe, bishyigikira gushyiramo ibintu bishobora gusubira inyuma.
3) Kohereza amakuru mu cyerekezo kibiri: Amakuru n'ingufu bishobora koherezwa mu byerekezo byombi.
4) Guhuza inyuma: Binyuze kuri adaptateri, ishobora guhuza na USB Type-A, Micro-B, n'izindi interfaces.
5) Ingano nto: Ingano ya interface ni 8.3mm x 2.5mm, hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy'ingano ya interface ya USB-A.
6) Umuvuduko mwinshi: Ujyanye naUSB 3.1protocole, ishobora gushyigikira kohereza amakuru agera kuri 10Gb/s, nkoUSB C 10GbpsnaUSB 3.1 Gen 2amahame ngenderwaho, bigatuma habaho kohereza amakuru yihuta cyane.
Amabwiriza yo gutumanaho ya USB PD
USB - Gutanga ingufu (USB PD) ni uburyo bwo kohereza icyarimwe kugeza kuri 100W z'ingufu n'itumanaho ry'amakuru hakoreshejwe insinga imwe; USB Type-C ni uburyo bushya rwose bwo kohereza amakuru kuri USB bushobora gushyigikira urukurikirane rw'amabwiriza mashya nka USB 3.1 (Gen1 na Gen2), Display Port, na USB PD; voltage ntarengwa ikoreshwa n'amashanyarazi kuri USB Type-C port ni 5V 3A; niba USB PD ishyizwe mu buryo muri USB Type-C port, ishobora gushyigikira ingufu za 240W zivugwa muri USB PD specification, bityo rero, kugira USB Type-C port ntibivuze ko ishyigikira USB PD; USB PD isa nkaho ari uburyo bwo kohereza no gucunga ingufu gusa, ariko mu by'ukuri, ishobora guhindura inshingano za port, kuvugana n'insinga zikora, gutuma DFP iba igikoresho gitanga umuriro n'izindi nshingano nyinshi zigezweho. Kubwibyo, ibikoresho bishyigikira PD bigomba gukoresha CC Logic chips (E-Mark chips), urugero, gukoreshaUmugozi wa USB C wa 5A wa 100Wishobora kugera ku gutanga amashanyarazi neza.
Gutahura no gukoresha ubu VBUS yo mu bwoko bwa USB Type-C
USB Type-C yongereyeho uburyo bwo gutahura no gukoresha ubu. Hashyizweho uburyo butatu bushya bwo kumenya ubushyuhe: uburyo bwa USB busanzwe bwo gukoresha ingufu (500mA/900mA), 1.5A, na 3.0A. Ubu buryo butatu bwo kumenya ubushyuhe bwoherezwa kandi bukamenyekana binyuze muri CC pin. Kuri DFP zikenera ubushobozi bwo gutangaza ubushyuhe, hakenewe agaciro gatandukanye ka CC pull-up resistor Rp kugira ngo ibi bigerweho. Kuri UFP, agaciro ka voltage kuri CC pin kagomba kumenyekana kugira ngo haboneke ubushobozi bwo gutanga ubushyuhe bw'indi DFP.
Gucunga no Gutahura DFP-to-UFP na VBUS
DFP ni umuyoboro wa USB Type-C uherereye kuri host cyangwa hub, uhujwe n'igikoresho. UFP ni umuyoboro wa USB Type-C uherereye kuri igikoresho cyangwa hub, uhujwe na DFP ya host cyangwa hub. DRP ni umuyoboro wa USB Type-C ushobora gukora nka DFP cyangwa UFP. DRP ihinduranya DFP na UFP buri minota 50 mu buryo bwo guhagarara. Iyo uhinduriye kuri DFP, hagomba kuba hari resistor Rp ikurura kuri VBUS cyangwa isoko y'amashanyarazi kuri CC pin. Iyo uhinduriye kuri UFP, hagomba kuba hari resistor Rd ikurura kuri GND kuri CC pin. Iki gikorwa cyo guhindura kigomba kurangizwa na chip ya CC Logic.
VBUS ishobora gusohoka gusa iyo DFP ibonye ko UFP yinjijwemo. Iyo UFP imaze gukurwaho, VBUS igomba kuzimwa. Iki gikorwa kigomba kurangizwa na chip ya CC Logic.
Icyitonderwa: DRP yavuzwe haruguru itandukanye na USB-PD DRP. USB-PD DRP yerekeza ku mbuga z'amashanyarazi zikora nk'isoko ry'amashanyarazi (umutanga) na Sink (umuguzi), urugero, port ya USB Type-C kuri mudasobwa igendanwa ishyigikira USB-PD DRP, ishobora gukora nk'isoko ry'amashanyarazi (iyo uhuza USB drive cyangwa telefoni igendanwa) cyangwa Sink (iyo uhuza monitor cyangwa adaptateri y'amashanyarazi).
Igitekerezo cya DRP, igitekerezo cya DFP, igitekerezo cya UFP
Kohereza amakuru ahanini bigizwe n'amaseti abiri y'ibimenyetso bitandukanye, TX/RX. CC1 na CC2 ni udupira tubiri tw'ingenzi dufite imirimo myinshi:
Gutahura imiyoboro, gutandukanya impande z'imbere n'inyuma, gutandukanya DFP na UFP, ari nabyo imiterere ya master-slave ya Vbus, hari ubwoko bubiri bwa USB Type-C na USB Power Delivery.
Gushyiraho Vconn. Iyo hari chip muri cable, CC imwe yohereza ikimenyetso, indi CC ikaba Vconn. Gushyiraho ubundi buryo, nko guhuza ibikoresho by'amajwi, DP, PCIE, hari imirongo ine y'amashanyarazi n'ubutaka kuri buri imwe, DRP (Dual Role Port): port ifite inshingano ebyiri, DRP ishobora gukoreshwa nka DFP (Host), UFP (Device), cyangwa guhinduranya DFP na UFP. Igikoresho gisanzwe cya DRP ni mudasobwa (mudasobwa ishobora gukora nk'icyuma gitanga USB cyangwa igikoresho gitanga charge (MacBook Air nshya ya Apple)), telefoni igendanwa ifite imikorere ya OTG (terefone igendanwa ishobora gukora nk'igikoresho gitanga charge no gusoma amakuru, cyangwa nk'icyuma gitanga charge cyangwa gitanga power cyangwa gisoma amakuru aturutse kuri USB drive), power bank (gusohora no gusharija bishobora gukorwa binyuze muri USB Type-C imwe, ni ukuvuga, iyi port ishobora gusharija no gusharija).
Uburyo busanzwe bwo gushyira mu bikorwa USB Type-C bukoreshwa na host-client (DFP-UFP).
Igitekerezo cya CCpin
CC (Umuyoboro w'Igenamiterere): Umuyoboro w'Igenamiterere, uyu ni umuyoboro mushya wongewemo muri USB Type-C. Imirimo yawo irimo kumenya aho USB ihurira, kumenya icyerekezo gikwiye cyo gushyiramo, gushyiraho no gucunga umuyoboro hagati y'ibikoresho bya USB na VBUS, nibindi.
Hari resistor yo hejuru yo gukurura hejuru Rp kuri CC pin ya DFP, na resistor yo hasi yo gukurura hasi Rd kuri UFP. Iyo idahujwe, VBUS ya DFP nta musaruro igira. Nyuma yo guhuza, CC pin irahuzwa, maze CC pin ya DFP izabona resistor yo gukurura hasi Rd ya UFP, bigaragaza ko isano yakozwe. Hanyuma, DFP izafungura switch y'amashanyarazi ya Vbus hanyuma itange ingufu kuri UFP. Ni iyihe CC pin (CC1, CC2) ibona resistor yo gukurura hasi igena icyerekezo cyo gushyiramo interuro, kandi ikanahindura RX/TX. Resistance Rd = 5.1k, na resistance Rp ni agaciro katazwi neza. Dukurikije igishushanyo cyabanje, bigaragara ko hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gutanga ingufu kuri USB Type-C. Wabutandukanya ute? Bishingiye ku gaciro ka Rp. Voltage ivumburwa na CC pin iratandukanye iyo agaciro ka Rp gatandukanye, hanyuma ukagenzura impera ya DFP kugira ngo ukore uburyo bwo gutanga ingufu. Icyitonderwa ni uko udupira tubiri twa CC twashushanyijwe ku ishusho iri hejuru mu by’ukuri ari umurongo umwe gusa wa CC uri mu nsinga idafite chip.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-03-2025
