Intangiriro PCIe 6.0

Umuryango wa PCI-SIG watangaje ko washyize ahagaragara ku mugaragaro uburyo bwa PCIe 6.0 specification standard v1.0, utangaza ko burangiye.

Mu gukomeza gahunda, umuvuduko wa bandwidth ukomeje kwikuba kabiri, kugeza kuri 128GB/s (une directional) kuri x16, kandi kubera ko ikoranabuhanga rya PCIe ryemerera urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru rwuzuye rw'inzira ebyiri, umusaruro wose w'inzira ebyiri ni 256GB/s. Dukurikije gahunda, hazabaho ingero z'ubucuruzi nyuma y'amezi 12 kugeza kuri 18 nyuma yo gusohora ibipimo ngenderwaho, ari byo ahagana mu 2023, bigomba kuba biri kuri platform ya seriveri mbere na mbere. PCIe 6.0 izaza mu mpera z'umwaka vuba, ifite bandwidth ya 256GB/s.

Tugarutse ku ikoranabuhanga ubwaryo, PCIe 6.0 ifatwa nk'impinduka nini mu mateka y'imyaka hafi 20 ya PCIe. Mu by'ukuri, PCIe 4.0/5.0 ni impinduka nto ya 3.0, nka 128b/130b encoding ishingiye kuri NRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero).

PCIe 6.0 yahinduwe kuri PAM4 pulse AM signaling, 1B-1B coding, ikimenyetso kimwe gishobora kuba gifite encoding enye (00/01/10/11), gikuba kabiri icyabanje, bigatuma habaho frequency igera kuri 30GHz. Ariko, kubera ko ikimenyetso cya PAM4 cyoroshye kurusha NRZ, gifite uburyo bwo gukosora amakosa ya FEC imbere kugira ngo gikosore amakosa y'ibimenyetso mu murongo no kwemeza ko amakuru ari meza.

Uretse PAM4 na FEC, ikoranabuhanga rya nyuma rikomeye muri PCIe 6.0 ni ugukoresha FLIT (Flow Control Unit) ikoreshwa mu gusimbuza ikoranabuhanga ku rwego rw'ubwenge. Mu by'ukuri, PAM4, FLIT si ikoranabuhanga rishya, muri 200G+ ultra-high-speed Ethernet imaze igihe kinini ikoreshwa, PAM4 yananiwe guteza imbere cyane impamvu ari uko igiciro cy'urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga ari kinini cyane.

Byongeye kandi, PCIe 6.0 iracyari inyuma.

PCIe 6.0 ikomeje gukuba kabiri umuvuduko wa I/O ukagera kuri 64GT/s nk'uko bisanzwe, bikoreshwa kuri umuvuduko nyawo wa PCIe 6.0X1 ugororotse wa 8GB/s, umuvuduko wa PCIe 6.0×16 ugororotse wa 128GB/s, na umuvuduko wa pcie 6.0×16 ugororotse wa 256GB/s. PCIe 4.0 x4 SSDS, zikoreshwa cyane muri iki gihe, zizakenera gusa PCIe 6.0 x1 kugira ngo zibikore.

PCIe 6.0 izakomeza gukoresha uburyo bwa 128b/130b bwashyizweho mu gihe cya PCIe 3.0. Uretse CRC y'umwimerere, birashimishije kumenya ko protocole nshya y'umuyoboro inashyigikira uburyo bwa PAM-4 bukoreshwa muri Ethernet na GDDR6x, bugasimbura PCIe 5.0 NRZ. Amakuru menshi ashobora gupakirwa mu muyoboro umwe mu gihe kimwe, ndetse n'uburyo bwo gukosora amakosa y'amakuru butinda buzwi nka forward error correction (FEC) kugira ngo bandwidth yongere ishoboke kandi yizewe.

Abantu benshi bashobora kwibaza bati, PCIe 3.0 bandwidth akenshi ntikoreshwa, PCIe 6.0 ni iyihe nyungu? Bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'ikoreshwa ry'amakuru akenera, harimo n'ubwenge bw'ubukorano, imiyoboro ya IO ifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru yihuta igenda irushaho kuba icyifuzo cy'abakiriya ku isoko ry'umwuga, kandi bandwidth nini y'ikoranabuhanga rya PCIe 6.0 ishobora gufungura byuzuye imikorere y'ibicuruzwa bisaba bandwidth nini ya IO harimo accelerators, machine learning na HPC applications. PCI-SIG kandi yizeye kungukira mu nganda zirimo gukura z'imodoka, aho usanga hakunze kugaragara semiconductors, kandi PCI-Special Interest Group yashinze itsinda rishya rikora PCIe Technology kugira ngo ryibande ku buryo bwo kongera ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga rya PCIe mu nganda z'imodoka, kuko ubwiyongere bw'ubukene bw'umuyoboro w'amakuru mu rusobe rw'ibinyabuzima bugaragara. Ariko, kubera ko microprocessor, GPU, IO device n'ububiko bw'amakuru bishobora guhuzwa n'umuyoboro w'amakuru, PC kugira ngo babone inkunga ya PCIe 6.0 interface, abakora motherboard bagomba kwitonda cyane kugira ngo bashyireho insinga ishobora gufata ibimenyetso byihuse, kandi abakora chipset nabo bagomba gukora imyiteguro ikwiye. Umuvugizi wa Intel yanze kuvuga igihe inkunga ya PCIe 6.0 izongerwa ku bikoresho, ariko yemeje ko Alder Lake na seriveri Sapphire Rapids na Ponte Vecchio bizashyigikira PCIe 5.0. NVIDIA yanze kandi kuvuga igihe PCIe 6.0 izatangizwa. Ariko, BlueField-3 Dpus yo mu bigo by’amakuru isanzwe ishyigikira PCIe 5.0; PCIe Spec ivuga gusa imikorere, imikorere, n'ibipimo bigomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa ku rwego rw'umubiri, ariko ntivuga uburyo bwo kubishyira mu bikorwa. Mu yandi magambo, abakora bashobora gushushanya imiterere y'urwego rw'umubiri rwa PCIe hakurikijwe ibyo bakeneye n'imiterere nyayo kugira ngo barebe ko imikorere yabo ikora neza! Abakora insinga bashobora gukina umwanya munini!